An LGBT-affirming therapist plays an instrumental role in combating internalized homophobia for many LGBT people.  But, what is internalized homophobia and what does it mean to be an LGBT-affirming therapist? 

Internalized homophobia can manifest as self-hatred, shame, and fear, and can have a wide range of negative consequences, from mental health issues to relationship difficulties and risky behaviors. Addressing this issue is crucial to promote mental health, foster healthy relationships, and improve the overall well-being of LGBTQ+/queer people.

History and Origins of Internalized Homophobia

Internalized homophobia refers to the negative beliefs, feelings, and behaviors that LGBTQ+/queer people hold towards themselves, their sexual orientation, or gender identity.  (Please note, we are using the term’s broadest definition with the intent to capture the internalized hatred of people across the queer spectrum in the most widely accepted and easily understandable way.)  

Internalized homophobia occurs when LGBTQ+/queer people inadvertently absorb the negative stereotypes and beliefs about homosexuality, gender, and queer relationships prevalent in society. These harmful attitudes can lead to self-hatred, shame, and fear. The messages and attitudes that LGBTQ+ individuals receive from their families and communities contribute to the development of internalized homophobia. These messages may include overt discrimination, subtle microaggressions, or even well-intentioned but misguided attempts at “helping.” The attitudes of family members and the broader community towards LGBTQ+/queer people play a significant role in shaping one’s internalized homophobia. When these attitudes are hostile or unsupportive, it becomes challenging for individuals to accept and embrace their sexual orientation and identity.

Throughout history, LGBTQ+/queer people have faced significant legal and societal discrimination. Laws criminalizing homosexuality and trans people, denying healthcare or other rights, social stigma, and limited visibility of LGBTQ+/queer role models have all contributed to internalized homophobia. While society’s attitudes towards some members of the LGBTQ+/queer spectrum have evolved significantly over the past several decades, there is still much work to be done. The ongoing struggle for acceptance and the persistence of discrimination contribute to the prevalence of internalized homophobia (and need for LGBT-affirming therapists) today.

Impacts of Internalized Homophobia

Internalized homophobia can have a wide range of negative consequences, from mental health issues to relationship difficulties and risky behaviors. It can make it challenging for LGBTQ+/queer people to form and maintain healthy relationships, leading to fear of rejection and isolation. It can also make it difficult for individuals to accept and embrace their sexual orientation and/or gender identity, leading to a prolonged struggle with self-acceptance.

What are the consequences of internalized homophobia?

Mental Health Consequences: Internalized homophobia can lead to a variety of mental health issues, including depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem. These issues may be exacerbated by the experience of discrimination and marginalization in both their personal and professional lives. LGBTQ+/queer people with internalized homophobia are at a higher risk of substance abuse and suicidal thoughts. These behaviors are understood as coping mechanisms for dealing with the emotional pain and stress associated with internalized homophobia.

Interpersonal and Relationship Issues: Internalized homophobia can make it challenging for LGBTQ+/queer people to form and maintain healthy relationships. Queer people may struggle with trust, intimacy, and communication, which can lead to unsatisfying or unstable relationships. The fear of rejection and isolation due to one’s sexual orientation or gender identity can be a significant source of anxiety for LGBTQ+/queer people. This fear may be intensified by internalized homophobia, causing individuals to avoid forming close connections or disclosing their identity to others.

Effects on Sexual Health and Well-being: Internalized homophobia can contribute to risky sexual behaviors and sexual anxiety. Sex can be used as an attempt at coping with their self-hatred, shame, or fear, or as a way to seek validation and connection. Internalized homophobia can make it difficult for LGBTQ+ individuals to accept and embrace their sexual orientation and/or gender identity, leading to a prolonged struggle with self-acceptance and may prevent individuals from communicating their own sexual needs or boundaries.

The Role of LGBT-Affirming Therapists in Addressing Internalized Homophobia

An LGBT-affirming therapist plays a critical role in helping clients confront and combat internalized homophobia. LGBT-affirming therapists, also called queer therapists, possess the knowledge and expertise necessary to help clients navigate the unique challenges faced by LGBTQ+/queer people, including the experience of discrimination, marginalization, and internalized homophobia. Some of the specialized approaches taken by an LGBT-affirming therapist are discussed below:

1. Knowledge of unique challenges faced by LGBTQ+ individuals: LGBT-affirming therapists are well-versed in the unique challenges faced by LGBTQ+ individuals. They possess an understanding of the complex issues surrounding sexual orientation and gender identity and can provide tailored support and guidance to clients.
2. Building trust and rapport: LGBT-affirming therapists prioritize building trust and rapport with their clients. They create a safe and supportive environment where clients feel comfortable sharing their experiences and feelings, whether those experiences are specific to the client’s queer experience or not.
3. Encourage open communication: By fostering open communication, LGBT-affirming therapists help clients explore their feelings and experiences related to internalized homophobia, enabling them to develop a deeper understanding of its impact on their lives.
4. Eliminate power dynamics in the therapeutic relationship: LGBT-affirming therapists strive to create an egalitarian therapeutic relationship, ensuring clients feel empowered and heard throughout the process.
5. Empathy and cultural competence: LGBT-affirming therapists possess empathy and cultural competence, enabling them to connect with clients on a deeper level and provide tailored support and guidance.
6. Encouraging self-acceptance: LGBT-affirming therapists work with clients to promote self-acceptance, challenging negative beliefs and helping clients develop a more positive and accepting view of themselves.
7. Addressing trauma: For some LGBTQ+/queer people, experiences of discrimination, violence, or rejection can lead to trauma. LGBT-affirming therapists are skilled in helping clients process and heal from these traumatic experiences.
8. Building social networks: LGBT-affirming therapists often assist clients in building social networks and connections with other LGBTQ+ individuals, helping to combat isolation and promote a sense of belonging. By specializing in work with LGBT+/queer clients and often living as members of the LGBT+ spectrum, LGBT-affirming therapists have a more thorough understanding of strategies and opportunities to build social support.
9. Developing healthy coping strategies: By teaching clients healthy coping strategies, LGBT-affirming therapists support individuals in managing the stressors associated with internalized homophobia and other challenges related to their sexual orientation or gender identity.

Are there specific therapeutic approaches LGBT-affirming therapists use to combat internalized homophobia?

There are many therapeutic approaches that an LGBT-affirming therapist may use to combat internalized homophobia. Some of the most effective approaches are Internal Family Systems (IFS) and Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT). IFS is a therapeutic approach that views the mind as a collection of “parts” or subpersonalities. Through IFS, clients learn to identify and work with these parts, promoting self-awareness, healing, and integration. ACT is a form of therapy that encourages clients to accept their thoughts and feelings, commit to their values, and engage in behaviors that align with those values. ACT can be particularly helpful in addressing internalized homophobia, as it helps clients to accept their sexual orientation and identity and live more authentic lives.

Addressing internalized homophobia is of utmost importance for the mental health, interpersonal relationships, and overall well-being of LGBTQ+/queer people. The impact of internalized homophobia can be profound, affecting every aspect of an individual’s life. LGBT-affirming therapists play a critical role in helping clients confront and combat internalized homophobia through specialized approaches, empathetic support, and evidence-based therapeutic techniques. By seeking help from an LGBT-affirming therapist, LGBTQ+/queer people can work towards self-acceptance, healing, and living fulfilling lives that are true to their authentic selves. It is important for individuals to remember that seeking help is a sign of strength, and that there is no shame in reaching out for support. Together, we can work towards building a more accepting and inclusive society, one that recognizes and values the diversity of human experiences and identities.

It is essential to recognize that addressing internalized homophobia is an ongoing process. It requires a deep level of introspection, self-reflection, and personal growth. It is not a linear journey, and setbacks and challenges may arise along the way. However, with the support and guidance of a skilled and compassionate LGBT-affirming therapist, individuals can learn to confront and overcome the negative beliefs and attitudes that may be holding them back.

By seeking help from an LGBT-affirming therapist, LGBTQ+/queer people can work towards self-acceptance, healing, and living fulfilling lives that are true to their authentic selves. Together, we can create a more inclusive and accepting society, one where everyone can live free from the negative effects of internalized homophobia. If you’re ready to start that journey, we’d be honored to join you. Contact us to schedule an appointming with one of our therapists today!

This blog is made for informational and educational purposes only. It is not medical advice.

The information in this blog is not intended to (1) replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified licensed health care provider, (2) create or establish a provider-patient relationship, or (3) create a duty for us to follow up with you.